Jana Jarosova
Crop Research Institute, Czech Republic
Title: The influence of climate changes on BYDV infection and Rhopalosiphum padi development
Biography
Biography: Jana Jarosova
Abstract
Statement of the problem: Climate change is of global concern due to its predicted impacts on the environment and agriculture. The third IPCC report predicts that global-average surface temperature will increase further by 1.4-5.8°C by 2100 with atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations expected to rise between 540 and 970 ppm over the same period. The potential impact of elevated CO2 and temperature on the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection was exploited.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Barley and wheat plants were cultivated in normal and elevated temperature and CO2 level conditions. Rhopalosiphum padi aphids carrying BYDV were allowed to feed on the plants for a limited amount of time. The infectivity rate was recorded. Furthermore, aphid (R. padi) development and fecundity was studied in normal and elevated temperature and CO2 level conditions. The influence of the presence of the BYDV in the vector was taken into account.
Findings: The BYDV transmission efficiency increased significantly in the elevated CO2 and temperature conditions. Furthermore, the aphids took less time to develop and produced significantly more progeny in the elevated CO2 and temperature conditions when compared to normal conditions. The presence of the barley yellow dwarf virus in the vectors increased the longevity in the case of aphids under normal conditions. However, in the elevated CO2 and temperature conditions, life of the aphids carrying BYDV was shorter.
Conclusion & Significance: The elevated CO2 and temperature conditions have significant influence on BYDV transmission efficiency of Rhopalosiphum padi as well as on the R. padi development and fecundity. This might lead to higher BYDV infection rates in cereal stands in the future.