Djebbar Atmani
University of Bejaia, Algeria
Title: Cytotoxic, antidiabetic and anti-infl ammatory activities of selected Algerian medicinal plants: From traditional use to scientifi c validation
Biography
Biography: Djebbar Atmani
Abstract
Phytochemicals, including phenolic compounds, present in many plants have received much attention in recent years due to their health benefits, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. This study was conducted to determine the biological properties of Pistacia and Fraxinus angustifolia, two plants used in traditional Algerian medicine.
The investigation of the cytotoxic effect of plant extracts was carried out using the MTT assay on two ovarian A2780 and SKOV3 cell lines, the melanoma B16F10 and the mammary EMT6 tumor cell lines. A PI staining has been done for the study of apoptosis and cell cycle. The results showed a great cytotoxic potential against A2780, SKOV3 and B16F10 cells with IC50 values of 10 µg/ml, 18 µg/ml and 56.40 µg/ml, respectively. Moreover, these extracts exhibited an increase in G1 and S phases for SKOV3 and B16F10 cells. Furthermore, P. lentiscus and F. angustifolia extracts, exhibited a promising anti-diabetic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, by the reduction of blood glucose level, a result confirmed by the inhibition of alpha-amylase in vitro.
In addition, the results of the anti-inflammatory activity of P. lentiscus and F. angustifolia showed significant reduction of the paw edema induced by carrageenan. P. lentiscus extracts showed a significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β) on activated macrophages. Moreover, the extracts of F. angustifolia, significantly inhibited ear edema induced by single and multiple doses of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). In vivo, the vesicles loaded with the crude extract of F. angustifolia and especially PEVs (Penetration Enhancer-containing Vesicles) inhibited oxidative stress in human keratinocytes and attenuated edema and leukocyte infiltration. HPLC-MS analyses allowed the identification of new phenolic compounds.
Overall, results indicate that Pistacia lentiscus and Fraxinus angustifolia extracts could be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory conditions and diabetes complications, as evidenced by the present study.